Jan 10, 2024 in Health

SOAP NOTE for a Pediatric Patient

Name: K.U. Date: 12/06/2018
Sex: Female Age/DOB/ Place of Birth: 2 months old, 10/06/2018, New Jersey
SUBJECTIVE
CC: K.U. is two months infant accompanied by her mother. The parent has presented complaints to the clinic, “K.U. gets out of breath or sweaty with feeds and her skin is blue colored.”
Child’s Profile:

Daily Routine:

The mother, who is a single mother of one, usually breastfed the baby when she feels like she is hungry or wakes up. She allows her daughter to sleep 14 to 15 hours a day.

Safety:

The parent ensures that she gives the baby sterilized water whenever she goes. She follows strictly how the baby is handled by strangers or guests. The mother rarely allows the baby to be outside.

Developmental:

The parent states that the child is always weak, has low birth weight, and delayed growth for a two months old baby. The baby has no strong sucking reflex and rarely sucks a few fingers or her fist. However, she bats at colorful materials hanging in her front. Moreover, she briefly holds toys placed in either of her hands. The baby sleeps 14 to 15 hours a day and wakes up between 3 to 4 hours for breastfeeding. The baby sleeps on her backside and uses plenty of tummy time when awake. The baby sees objects and people from as far as 17 inches away. The girl loves to listen to her mother’s voice. The baby makes sweet coos, gurgles, or grunts and recognizes faces. She cries when communicating.

Nutrition:

The mother tries to breastfeed the baby about 8-10 times within the 24-hour period, though the baby is not into feeding. She drinks less than 20 ounces of formula a day.

HPI

K.U. is a Caucasian female patient who is presented by the mother to the clinic as an outpatient with several complications. The mother states that her daughter is underweight considering her age and has not been breastfeeding well. She has a delayed growth and is looking weak all the time. The infant has blue coloring on her skin, especially on the fingers, toes, and lips. When being breastfed, the baby gets out of breath. The girl has a feeding difficulty, and she sweats heavily. Apart from that, also she looks fatigued most of the time.

Medications: There are no known medications.
PHM

Allergies: The patient has no drug allergies known of.

Medication Intolerances:

The patient has no known medication intolerances.

Chronic Illnesses/Major traumas:

The patient has no known major/minor traumas or chronic ailments.

Hospitalizations/Surgeries:

There are no surgeries/hospitalization records.

Immunizations: Vaccination with age to date include:

Polio

DTap-HepB-IPV+- due today 12/06/2018

Next vaccination due:

DTap-HepB-IPV+ – 2/06/2019

 

MMR

MMR due 10/06/2019

MMR 2nd dose due 4-6 y/o

Varicella

Varicella due 10/06/2019

Varicella 2nd dose due 4-6 y/o

Rotavirus

RotaVirus 3 dose- due today

12/06/2018

Next vaccination due:

RotaVirus 3 dose- 02/06/2019

Pneumococcal

PCV13 due today 12/06/2018

Next vaccination due

PCV13 02/06/2019

PCV13 05/06/2018

HIB

HIB-PRP-T due today 12/06/2018

Next vaccination due:

HIB-PRP-T 02/05/2019

 

Polio

DTap-HepB-IPV+- 12/06/2018

Next vaccination due:

DTap-HepB-IPV+ -02/06/2019

 

Influenza

Influenza 2 doses 10/06/2019

Influenza 2 dose due 10/06/2020

D-T-P Group

DTap-HepB-IPV+ – due today 12/06/2018

Next vaccination due:

DTap-HepB-IPV+ – 2/06/2019

 

 

Hep A

Hep A due 10/06/2019

 

Family History

The mother, a single parent, is well and alive and has never been diagnosed with any infections. She has four brothers of whom three are well and alive. One of the patient’s uncles was diagnosed with Down’s syndrome. The grandparents are well and alive and have never been diagnosed with major ailments. The information on the paternal side is unknown; the mother does not know the father of her child.

Social History

The patient is living with her mother. The information about the father is unknown. The mother is currently 18 years old. Previously, she had multiple partners and cannot guess the father. Still, she is a student in one of the local universities and postponed her studies due to her pregnancy. The mother holds the child tightly when traveling, which she states is a safety precaution on her child.

ROS

Constitutional symptoms: The mother admits difficulty in feeding, underweight, and appetite loss. However, she refutes the child having coughs, fever, or diarrhea.

General

The child appears tired, weak, and at times gets out of breath when feeding.

Cardiovascular/ Peripheral Vascular

The mother admits cyanosis. She also states that she almost always hears that the heart of the baby is murmuring. Agrees on the possibility of congenital heart failure.

Skin

The mother admits the fingernails and the skin looking blue in color. Moreover, there is excessive sweating on the skin.

Respiratory

The parent admits the possibility of chronic respiratory infection though not sure. She refutes the baby coughing but has rapid breathing.

Eyes

The mother denies watery eyes, photophobia, conjunctivitis, and cataract.

Gastrointestinal

The parent admits poor weight gain, difficulty in breastfeeding, and low energy. She refutes diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting.

Ears

The parent denies the ringing ears of her baby, hearing loss, inflammations, or discharges. The baby is reacting well to the vocal sounds of the mother.

Genitourinary/Gynecological

The parent denies her daughter having urination issues, discharge from the vagina, infections, adhesions, pain, lumps, masses, or ulcerations.

Nose/Mouth/Throat

The parent admits the baby’s lip being blue in color. Both the nose and throat look normal from any infections or mechanical injury.

Musculoskeletal

The parent denies muscle cramps, back pain, swollen muscles, muscle pain, arthritis, and swollen joints.

Breast

The woman denies erythema, lumps, tenderness, lesions, ulcerations, asymmetry, discharge, or infection.

Neurological

The woman denies paralysis, seizure, vertigo, tremors, or syncope.

Heme/Lymph/Endo

The parent denies heat or cold intolerances and anemia but accepts the child being fatigued. Intolerances.

Psychiatric

The mother admits less attention but denies nervousness or insomnia.

 

OBJECTIVE
Weight 9.2 lbs.     BMI 5.8 Temp 100.2F BP 83/52 mm Hg
Height 19.1 inches. Pulse 138 per minute Resp -38 breaths/min
General Appearance

The patient looks less attentive, has blue coloration on the fingernails and lips, underweight for her age, and has SOB.

Skin

There is the presence of blue coloration on the skins, especially on the lips and fingernails.

HEENT

Head- Unremarkable and Normocephalic. The circumference of the head is 34.01cm.

Nose- Normal.

Ear- Normal.

Eyes- Normal pupils bilaterally, PERRLA.

Throat- There is the presence of bluish discoloration on the lips and mouth (cyanosis).

Cardiovascular

Rubs and murmurs present, congenital heart failure (tricuspid atresia), as well as irregular heart rate and rhythm heard.

Respiratory

There is the shortness of breath with feeding, no chronic respiratory infection, and rapid breathing.

Gastrointestinal

No abdominal pain, infection, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting. There is difficulty in feeding.

Breast

No erythema, lumps, palpable masses, lesions, or discharges.

Genitourinary

Normal external female genitalia, no presence of a hernia, or infection.

Musculoskeletal

Full range of motion, no lordosis, or joint swellings. Negative Ortolani and bar low.

Neurological

Inactive and less attentive, slow growth, fatigue, and sweating.

Psychiatric

Shows distress, inappropriate for age.

In-house lab Tests.

· Chest X-ray.

· MRI of the heart.

· Ultrasound of the heart -pending.

· Electrocardiogram-pending.

· Cardiac catheterization-pending.

Pediatric Assessment tools

1. Early Childhood Developmental Screenings to highlight the immediate interventions of the health issue affecting the patient (Moodie et. al., 2014).

2. Ages and stages questionnaire to highlight on the personal-social development, fine motor, problem-solving, and communication of the child (Singh, Yeh, & Blanchard, 2017).

 Diagnosis
Primary Diagnosis

· Tricuspid atresia (ICD-10-CM, Q22.4)

 

It is the most likely cause of the patient’s ailment based on the manifested symptoms, namely cyanosis, slow growth, heavy sweating, SOB, fatigue, and feeding difficulty. Both MRI and X-ray screening supported the diagnosis.

Differential Diagnoses

· 1- TOF (ICD-10-CM, Q21.3).

The diagnosis was included based on the highlighted symptoms; however, the diagnosis was eliminated based on the findings from chest X-rays, ultrasound, and MRI.

· 2- TAPVC with/without a blockage (ICD-10- CM, Q26.2).

The diagnosis was included based on the patient’s manifested symptoms; however, it was omitted based on the findings from chest X-rays, ultrasound, and MRI.

Plan/Therapeutics
PLAN

Vaccine administered on this visit:

The child is supposed to receive polio, rotavirus, pneumococcal, Hep-B, D-T-P group, Hib, and IPV vaccination. Recommendation by WHO on infants with congenital heart disease states that they should receive vaccines just like any other children (Orenstein & Ahmed, 2017).

Vaccine forms Issued:

According to Ventola (2016), it is recommended that educational handouts should always be given to the parents prior to vaccination. Vaccination forms on polio, rotavirus, pneumococcal, Hep-B, D-T-P group, Hib, and IPV were issued to the patient on delivery. Hence, it was easy to relate to the vaccination.

Medications:

To place the patient under systemic-pulmonary artery shunt operation. It involves sewing the Gortex tube, which is between the right pulmonary artery and Subclavian artery. It is through this tube that the blood reaches the lungs with the heartbeats made (Kiran, Aggarwal, Choudhary, Uma, & Kapoor, 2017).

Laboratory tests:

Oxygen saturation test.

Heart catheterization.

(Kosova & Ricciardi, 2017).

Diagnostic tests ordered:

Cardiac Catheterization (Kosova & Ricciardi, 2017).

Chest X-ray.

Parent’s education:

Educate the patient on the risks that come with systemic-pulmonary artery shunt operation. Apart from that, inform the patient on the side effects associated with the surgery (Kiran et. al., 2017).

Non-medication treatments:

To engage the patient in a small less intense exercise like limbs movement.

 Follow-up:

Based on the nature of the disease, the patient is supposed to be monitored daily until her condition improves.

Self-Reflection:

I had previously regarded cardiovascular to be the hardest topic of the study based on varied areas that need extensive education. Furthermore, cardiovascular incorporates a delicate part of the body that holds life. Dealing with the heart needs optimum attention and focus, especially when handling infants. I have realized that TAPVC, TOF, tricuspid atresia, as well as TGA, are the main causative of cyanosis in infants. Such piece of information is important to my career, especially in pediatric diagnosis.

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